Important Statistics
Back
Glossary
Table 17. Gross Domestic Product by Sector, Selected
Fiscal Years, 1987-92 (in percent share)
Sector
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
Primary (agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining,
quarrying)
32.5
34.8
33.8
33.5
32.8
32.3
Secondary (manufacturing, construction,
electricity, other)
28.8
26.9
27.0
27.7
27.4
26.9
Trade, transportation, and communications
17.2
17.5
18.5
18.0
18.0
18.3
Real estate and finance
9.4
9.5
9.9
10.7
10.7
10.9
Services, including public administration and
defense
12.1
11.3
10.8
11.1
11.1
11.6
TOTAL
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Source: Based on information from Economist
Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: India, Nepal,
1994-95 , London, 1995, 21.
Table 18. Government Income and Expenditure, Fiscal
Years 1981, 1989, and 1992 (in billions of rupees at
current prices)
1981
1989
1992
Direct taxes
44.6
113.5
210.6
Indirect taxes
200.9
668.8
994.3
Profits
-10.5
-23.2
-28.4
Interest receipts
11.1
36.3
64.6
Property receipts
9.8
33.8
62.0
Miscellaneous
3.9
18.7
31.4
Total income
259.8
847.9
1,334.5
Total outlay
241.8
1,044.3
1,537.2
Savings
17.9
-176.4
-202.7
Savings as percentage of GNP
1.1
-3.9
-2.9
Source: Based on information from Tata Services,
Department of Economics and Statistics, Statistical
Outline of India, 1992-93 , Bombay, 1992, 20; and
Tata Services, Department of Economics and Statistics,
Statistical Outline of India, 1994-95 , Bombay,
1994, 22.
Table 19. Balance of Trade, Selected Fiscal Years,
1980-93 (in billions of rupees)
Year
Imports
Exports
Balance
1980
125.5
67.1
-58.4
1985
196.6
109.0
-87.6
1986
200.9
124.5
-76.4
1987
222.4
156.7
-65.7
1988
282.4
202.3
-80.0
1989
353.3
276.6
-76.7
1990
432.0
325.5
-106.5
1991
478.5
440.4
-38.1
1992
633.8
536.9
-96.9
1993
728.1
695.5
-32.6
Source: Based on information from Tata Services,
Department of Economics and Statistics, Statistical
Outline of India, 1992-93 , Bombay, 1992, 93; and
Tata Services, Department of Economics and Statistics,
Statistical Outline of India, 1994-95 , Bombay,
1994, 101.
Table 20. Principal Exports, Fiscal Years 1990-93 (in
billions of United States dollars)
Commodity
1992
1993
Value
Percentage
Value
Percentage
Agriculture and allied products
Cashew kernels
0.3
1.4
0.3
1.5
Coffee
0.1
0.8
0.1
0.7
Fish and fish products
0.5
2.9
0.6
3.3
Oil meals
0.3
1.9
0.4
2.1
Raw cotton
0.5
2.6
0.1
0.7
Rice
0.3
1.4
0.3
1.7
Spices
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.8
Sugar
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.4
Tea and mate
0.6
3.3
0.5
2.7
Tobacco
0.2
0.8
0.2
0.9
Total agriculture and allied products
3.1
15.0
2.5
14.8
Ore and minerals
Iron ore
0.6
3.2
0.6
3.3
Other ore and minerals
0.3
1.4
0.2
1.3
Total ore and minerals
0.8
4.6
0.8
4.6
Manufactured goods
Chemicals
1.4
7.8
1.6
8.9
Handicrafts
Gems and jewelry
2.9
16.1
2.7
15.3
Other handicrafts
0.5
2.9
0.7
3.7
Total handicrafts
3.4
19.0
3.4
19.0
Industrial machinery
2.2
11.9
2.2
12.5
Jute manufactures
0.2
0.9
0.2
0.9
Leather and leather products
1.5
8.0
1.3
7.1
Ready-made garments
2.2
12.3
2.2
12.3
Textiles
1.2
6.5
1.3
7.3
Total manufactured goods
12.1
66.4
12.2
6.8
Mineral fuels and lubricants
Petroleum, oil, and lubri- cants
0.5
2.9
0.4
2.3
Other mineral fuels and lubricants
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
Total mineral fuels and lubricants
0.5
2.9
0.4
2.4
Other commodities
0.3
0.2
0.2
10.2
TOTAL
18.1
100.0
17.9
100.0
Agriculture and allied products
Cashew kernels
0.3
1.4
0.3
1.5
Coffee
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.8
Fish and fish products
0.6
3.2
0.8
3.6
Oil meals
0.5
2.9
0.7
3.3
Raw cotton
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.9
Cereals
0.3
1.9
0.4
1.9
Spices
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.8
Fruits and vegetables
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.6
Tea
0.3
1.8
0.3
1.4
Tobacco (unmanufactured)
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.5
Total agriculture and allied products
2.5
14.2
3.3
15.3
Ore and minerals
Iron ore
0.4
2.1
0.4
1.9
Processed minerals
0.1
0.8
0.2
0.9
Other ore and minerals
0.2
1.0
0.2
1.0
Total ore and minerals
0.7
3.9
0.9
3.8
Manufactured goods
Drugs, pharmaceuticals, and fine chemicals
0.5
2.9
0.6
2.9
Dyes and coal tar chemicals
0.3
1.8
0.4
1.6
Electronic goods
0.2
1.1
0.3
1.4
Gems and jewelry
3.1
16.6
4.0
18.0
Handicrafts
0.9
4.7
0.9
4.2
Iron and steel, primary and semifinished
0.2
0.9
0.4
1.9
Leather and leather products (including
footwear)
1.3
6.9
1.3
6.0
Machinery and instruments
0.5
2.9
0.6
2.9
Metal manufactures
0.6
3.0
0.7
3.1
Ready-made garments
2.4
12.9
2.6
11.6
Textiles, cotton yarns, fabrics
1.4
7.3
1.5
6.9
Transportation equipment
0.5
2.9
0.6
2.6
Total manufactured goods
11.9
13.9
16.8
83.1
Crude oil and petroleum products
0.5
2.6
0.4
1.8
Other commodities
0.2
0.9
0.1
0.8
TOTAL1
18.5
100.0
22.2
100.0
Source: Based on information from India, Ministry of
Finance, Economic Division, Economic Survey, 1992-93 ,
New Delhi, 1993, 102; and India, Ministry of Finance,
Economic Division, Economic Survey, 1994-95 ,
New Delhi, 1994, 95-96.
Table 21. Principal Imports, Fiscal Years 1990-93 (in
billions of United States dollars)
Commodity
1992
1993
Value
Percentage
Value
Percentage
Bulk imports
Food and allied products
Cereals
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
Edible oils
0.2
0.8
0.1
0.5
Pulses
0.3
1.1
0.1
0.5
Total food and allied products
0.6
2.3
0.3
1.4
Fuels
Petroleum, oil, and lubri-cants
6.0
25.1
5.4
27.6
Coal
0.5
1.8
0.4
2.2
Total Fuels
6.5
26.9
5.8
29.8
Ore and minerals
Iron and steel
1.2
4.9
0.8
4.1
Nonferrous metals
0.6
2.5
0.3
1.8
Ores and metal scrap
0.9
3.5
0.5
2.4
Total ore and minerals
2.7
10.9
1.6
8.3
Fertilizers
1.0
4.1
1.0
4.9
Paper, board, and pulp
0.5
2.1
0.3
1.7
Total bulk imports
11.2
46.3
9.0
46.1
Nonbulk imports
Capital goods
5.8
24.2
4.2
21.8
Export-related imports
Pearls and precious stones
2.1
8.7
2.0
10.1
Chemicals
1.3
5.3
1.4
7.1
Textile yarn, fabric, and other
0.3
1.0
0.1
0.7
Cashew nuts
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.6
Total export-related imports
3.8
15.3
3.6
18.5
Other nonbulk items
Professional instruments and other
0.6
2.5
0.4
2.1
Chemicals
0.5
2.1
0.4
2.2
Plastics and resins
0.6
2.5
0.6
2.9
Nonmetallic minerals
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.5
Total other nonbulk items
1.8
7.6
1.5
7.7
Total nonbulk imports
11.3
47.1
9.3
47.9
Other imports
1.6
6.5
1.2
5.9
TOTAL
24.2
100.0
19.5
100.0
Food and allied products
Cashew nuts
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.7
Cereals
0.3
1.5
0.1
0.4
Edible oils
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.7
Pulses
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.8
Total food and allied products
0.7
3.2
0.6
2.4
Fuels
Petroleum, oil, and lubri- cants
5.9
27.0
5.8
24.7
Coal
0.5
2.2
0.5
2.0
Total Fuels
6.4
29.2
6.3
26.7
Fertilizers
1.0
4.5
0.8
3.6
Paper board, paper manufactures, and newsprint
0.2
0.8
0.2
1.0
Capital goods
Machinery (except for electrical machine tools)
1.7
7.6
2.2
9.4
Electrical machinery
0.8
3.8
0.8
3.4
Transportation equipment
0.5
2.1
1.3
5.4
Project goods
1.3
5.8
1.4
6.0
Total capital goods
4.3
19.3
5.7
24.2
Other items
Pearls, precious stones, and semiprecious stones
2.4
11.2
2.6
11.3
Professional instruments, optical goods, and
other
0.5
2.3
0.5
2.1
Chemicals
2.0
9.2
2.0
8.5
Iron and steel
0.7
3.3
0.8
3.4
Nonferrous metals
0.4
1.8
0.5
2.0
Total other items
6.0
27.8
6.4
27.3
Other unclassified imports
3.0
13.8
3.1
13.1
TOTAL1
21.6
100.0
23.3
100.0
Source: Based on information from India, Ministry of
Finance, Economic Division, Economic Survey, 1992-93 ,
New Delhi, 1993, 100; India, Ministry of Finance,
Economic Division, Economic Survey, 1994-95 ,
New Delhi, 1994, 97-98.
Table 22. Major Trading Partners, Fiscal Years 1990-93
(in billions of United States dollars)
Destination or Source
1992
1993
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Value
Percentage
Value
Percentage
Value
Percentage
Value
Percentage
Britain
1.2
6.5
1.2
6.7
1.5
6.4
1.2
6.2
France
1.4
7.8
1.4
8.0
1.7
7.1
1.6
8.0
Other EC
2.4
13.2
2.6
14.7
3.3
13.5
2.9
15.0
United States
2.7
14.7
2.2
12.1
3.9
16.4
1.9
10.3
Japan
1.7
9.3
1.3
7.5
2.2
9.2
1.4
7.1
Other OECD
0.4
2.0
0.9
5.0
1.3
5.2
1.5
7.7
Soviet Union
2.9
16.1
1.1
5.9
2.2
9.2
0.7
3.8
Eastern Europe
0.3
1.8
0.3
1.9
0.4
1.8
0.3
1.4
OPEC
1.0
5.6
2.9
16.3
2.1
8.7
3.8
19.7
Developing countries (other than OPEC)
3.0
16.8
3.3
18.4
3.9
16.1
3.0
15.5
Other
1.1
6.2
0.6
3.5
1.5
6.3
1.1
5.5
TOTAL
18.1
100.0
17.8
100.0
24.0
100.0
19.4
100.0
Britain
1.2
6.5
1.4
6.5
1.3
6.2
1.5
6.6
Germany
1.4
7.7
1.7
7.6
1.5
6.9
1.7
7.7
Other EU
2.6
14.1
3.5
16.1
2.8
12.9
3.6
15.7
United States
3.5
19.0
2.1
9.8
3.9
18.0
2.7
11.7
Japan
1.4
7.7
1.4
6.5
1.7
7.8
1.5
6.6
Russia
0.6
3.3
0.3
1.2
0.6
2.9
0.2
1.1
Eastern Europe
0.2
1.1
0.3
1.4
1.9
0.9
1.1
0.5
OPEC3
1.8
9.6
4.7
21.6
2.3
10.7
5.2
22.4
Developing countries (other than OPEC)
3.8
20.8
3.3
15.2
5.3
24.1
3.5
15.3
Other
1.9
10.1
3.1
14.2
2.1
9.7
2.8
12.4
TOTAL4
18.4
100.0
21.8
100.0
23.4
100.0
23.8
100.0
Source: Based on information from India, Ministry of
Finance, Economic Division, Economic Survey, 1992-93 ,
New Delhi, 1993, 102, 105; and India, Ministry of
Finance, Economic Division, Economic Survey, 1994-95 ,
New Delhi, 1994, 98-99.
Table 23. Balance of Payments, Fiscal Years 1988-93 (in
billions of United States dollars)
1988
1989
1990
19912
1992
1993
Current Account
Exports f.o.b.
14.3
17.0
18.5
18.3
18.9
22.70
Imports c.i.f.
23.6
24.4
27.9
21.1
23.2
23.99
Trade balance
-9.4
-7.5
-9.4
-2.8
-4.4
-1.29
Invisibles (net)
1.4
0.6
-0.2
1.6
0.8
0.97
Current account balance
-8.0
-6.8
-9.7
-1.2
-3.5
-0.32
Capital account
External aid (net)
2.2
1.9
2.2
3.0
1.9
1.70
Commercial borrowings (net)
1.9
1.8
2.2
1.5
-0.4
0.84
Nonresident deposits (net)
2.5
2.4
1.5
0.3
2.0
0.94
Other capital flows
1.4
0.9
2.3
0.3
-0.2
2.15
Capital account balance
8.1
7.0
8.4
4.8
4.3
9.18
IMF borrowings (net)
-1.8
-0.9
1.2
0.8
1.3
0.19
Official reserves
+1.0
+0.7
+1.3
-3.6
-0.7
-8.87
Source: Based on information from India, Ministry of
Finance, Economic Division, Economic Survey, 1992-93 ,
New Delhi, 1993, 96; and India, Ministry of Finance,
Economic Division, Economic Survey, 1994-95 ,
New Delhi, 1994, 87.
Table 24. Share of Public and Private Sectors in Gross
Domestic Product (GDP), Fiscal Years 1981 and 1992 (in
trillions of rupees at current prices)
Sector
1981
1992
Value
Percentage
Value
Percentage
GDP (at factor cost)
Public sector
0.3
20.8
1.7
27.2
Private sector
1.1
79.2
4.6
72.8
Total GDP (at factor cost)
1.4
100.0
6.3
100.0
Gross domestic savings
Public sector
0.1
21.7
0.2
9.5
Private sector
0.3
78.3
1.4
90.5
Total gross domestic savings3
0.3
100.0
1.6
100.0
Gross domestic capital
Public sector
0.2
41.9
0.7
41.4
Private sector
0.2
58.1
1.0
58.6
Total gross domestic capital
0.4
100.0
1.8
100.0
Source: Based on information from Tata Services,
Department of Economics and Statistics, Statistical
Outline of India, 1992-93 , Bombay, 1992, 20; and
Tata Services, Department of Economics and Statistics,
Statistical Outline of India, 1994-95 , Bombay,
1994, 22.
Back
Glossary
Top